表題番号：2025C-295
日付：2026/02/08
研究課題Does Tokyo Emissions Trading System Improve Energy Efficiency Measures in Commercial Sector
| 研究者所属（当時） | 資格 | 氏名 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| （代表者） | 政治経済学術院 政治経済学部 | 助教 | 呂 冠宇 |
- 研究成果概要
- This study addresses that gap by examining impact of Tokyo ETS on energy efficiency measures (EEMs) adoption and CO₂ emissions in office buildings, and link ETS to item-level practices and realized CO₂ at the building level. We leverage a 2018 nationwide survey of large office buildings that records adoption for various measures including lighting, BEMS, AC/heat, and thermal and information on CO₂ emissions, and we organize these measures into technological measures (TMs) and non-technological measures (NTMs). This structure identifies which capabilities shift under policy pressure and whether those contribute abatement. Our empirical design combining multiply types of EEM adoptions, complementary adoption, emissions, and leveraging governance heterogeneity (owner-occupied and tenant buildings) allows us to quantify the impacts Tokyo ETS on measurement practices and CO₂ emissions in a way that is especially suitable for office buildings. We find that while Tokyo buildings exhibit higher adoption of lighting, BEMS, and thermal insulation, no evidence supports the improvement on EEMs related to the AC and heat-source, which is consistent with a pattern for AC replacement requiring longer planning cycles, time, and costs. Beyond the adoption on aggregated EEMs, this study also shows the impact of Tokyo ETS on different types of EEMs by distinguishing them into TM and NTM. Specifically, Tokyo is associated with higher adoption of TMs but not NTMs, suggesting that policy environments such as Tokyo’s ETS are more reliable for improving control and environmental investments than the changes in operational practices. Distinguishing different types at the item level allows us to identify the measures that policy is likely to adopt and test of whether operational practices condition the translation of adoption into lower CO₂ emissions.Moreover, we extend our analysis to CO₂ emissions and heterogeneous on buildings’ governance. For the analysis on CO₂ emissions, while there is no difference between Tokyo and outside Tokyo buildings, the effects are heterogeneous by governance. Owner-occupied office buildings in Tokyo emit less CO₂ than owners outside Tokyo, whereas tenant offices in Tokyo emit more than tenant offices elsewhere. Aiming to further explain the result, we conduct the mechanism analysis, indicating that while buildings located in Tokyo tend to adopt TM, for the tenant buildings, as NTM adoption increases, NTM can turn to contribute the emissions reduction. It highlights that the abatement payoff may depend on complementary NTMs, showing an operational channel that adoption benefits do not necessarily lead to lower emissions.