This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of condition-specific exercise guidance for perinatal women with low back and pelvic girdle pain (LBPGP).The study involved 13 pregnant women (mean age 32 years; gestational age 28±4 weeks) and 37 postpartum women (mean age 34 years; 18±11 weeks postpartum), all with physician clearance for exercise. A physical therapist assessed LBPGP pathology using pain-reduction tests. Each participant received four 60-minute individualized exercise sessions, along with home exercise instruction. Outcomes were assessed using the Pelvic Girdle Questionnaire (PGQ) and SF-12 before and after the intervention, and pain (VAS) after each session. Paired t-tests and Friedman with Bonferroni corrections were used for analysis (p<0.05). As a results, in the prenatal group, 7 had myofascial pain, 5 had myofascial + sacroiliac joint (SIJ) pain, and 1 had SIJ pain alone. In the postpartum group, 18 had myofascial pain, 9 had myofascial + SIJ pain, and 4 had myofascial + facet joint pain. Pain significantly decreased from 5.5 to 2.2 (prenatal) and from 4.5 to 1.7 (postpartum) (p<0.05). PGQ scores improved from 32.6 to 18.1 in the prenatal group (p=0.1) and from 30.2 to 17.8 in the postpartum group (p=0.04). In SF-12, bodily pain improved in the prenatal group, while general health, physical/mental role functioning, and bodily pain improved significantly in the postpartum group (p<0.05). Condition-specific exercise instruction may effectively reduce pain and improve function and quality of life in perinatal women with LBPGP.