China's overseas infrastructure investment projects have varying outcomes across countries and over time, but the reasons for this remain largely unknown. This study suggests that the host state's accountability and leadership's ideological orientation account for these variations by influencing political and social risks. Using a unique dataset on Chinese global dams, the empirical results show that government accountability, political decentralization, regional autonomy of excluded ethnic groups, and leadership's nationalist orientation have expected positive effects on project failure. My research highlights the importance of social risk and the role of the public in infrastructure delivery for sustainable development. Over the past year, I have improved my research by refining theoretical arguments, ensuring empirical robustness, and conducting case studies. The Tokutei Kadai Research Base Creation supported my research by providing funding for a new computer and conference travel expenses.