表題番号：2020C-007
日付：2021/04/07
研究課題相互性の社会規範に関するオンライン・サーベイの研究
| 研究者所属（当時） | 資格 | 氏名 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| （代表者） | 政治経済学術院 政治経済学部 | 准教授 | 稲村 一隆 |
| （連携研究者） | School of Political Science and Economics | Associate Professor | Michiko Ueda |
| （連携研究者） | School of Political Science and Economics | Professor | Robert Veszteg |
- 研究成果概要
- Our research has carried out a representative survey experiment with 1900 respondents in Japan in January 2021. It explores how the first- and third-person perspectives affect people’s normative choices regarding a fair distribution of scarce resources. Our goal is to perform an empirical test of equity theory (or desert-based theory of justice) according to which “inputs (into a relationship) and outputs (out of a relationship) should be in the same proportion for all persons involved” (Gaertner and Schokkaert 2012, p.98). We do so by observing choices in asymmetric situations for which equity theory prescribes non-egalitarian outcomes. We have created 18 vignettes by altering the values of three treatment variables: perspective (first vs third person), relative position (advantaged vs disadvantaged), and context (distributing bananas on an uninhabited island, assigning bonus payment in a business, and redistributing labor income through taxation). We conclude that, for people’s normative choices regarding a fair distribution, perspective does not matter, but relative positions do. Decision-makers in the advantaged position tend to be significantly more egalitarian. We will offer a presentation about these results in a conference (1st European Experimental Philosophy Conference, 17th-19th June, 2021, Charles University, Prague (online). We are also writing an article to publish it in an international journal.